Jakarta. Indonesia plans to distribute state-owned land to 1 million extremely poor households as part of a major agrarian reform effort aimed at eliminating extreme poverty by 2026, senior officials said on Monday.

The initiative, coordinated by the Ministry for Community Empowerment (Kemenko PM) and the Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning Ministry/National Land Agency (ATR/BPN), is a follow-up to Presidential Instruction No. 8/2025 on poverty eradication.

Coordinating Minister for Community Empowerment Muhaimin Iskandar said the land parcels will be drawn from the government’s Agrarian Reform Objects (TORA) and allocated primarily to households in desil 1 and desil 2, or the bottom 20 percent of the population by income.

“Land distribution under agrarian reform is one of the most effective long-term strategies to reduce poverty,” Muhaimin said at a press briefing in Jakarta. “Communities in desil-1 and desil-2 will be the main beneficiaries.”

He acknowledged, however, that many of Indonesia’s poorest households live in Java, while most available state land for redistribution lies outside the island. “The program must be adjusted accordingly. The design will differ between Java and non-Java regions,” he said.

Agrarian Affairs Minister Nusron Wahid said ATR/BPN is responsible for determining and preparing land that qualifies as TORA. “We have agreed that TORA land and other potential land assets will be aligned with the government’s poverty eradication programs,” he said.

Under current regulations, agrarian reform typically prioritizes communities living near designated land parcels. Nusron said the new program aims to broaden the criteria so that land distribution can better support the government’s extreme-poverty elimination target.

Further details on land availability, relocation mechanisms, and implementation timelines are expected as ministries finalize the policy framework.