Jakarta. Indonesia’s consumer prices reversed a brief deflation in August, rising 0.21 percent month-on-month in September 2025 and 2.65 percent year-on-year, data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) showed Wednesday.

According to BPS Deputy for Production Statistics, M. Habibullah, rising costs for food, beverages, and tobacco were the largest contributors, adding 0.11 percentage point to monthly inflation. Red chili peppers and broiler chicken were the key drivers, each accounting for 0.13 points.

Jewelry also played a notable role, contributing 0.08 points to monthly inflation. "The price of gold jewelry has recorded continuous inflation for 25 months, with September’s increase the highest in the past five months," Habibullah said on Wednesday.

Other contributors included machine-made clove cigarettes, university tuition, green chili, and hand-rolled clove cigarettes.

Some items helped limit price gains. Shallots contributed a 0.12-point deflation, while tomatoes, garlic, bird’s eye chili, rice, cucumbers, and high school tuition each eased inflation slightly.

Habibullah noted that all components recorded inflation in September, with core inflation rising 0.18 percent and contributing 0.11 points. Volatile prices climbed 0.52 percent (0.09-point contribution), and government-regulated items rose 0.06 percent (0.01-point contribution).

Regionally, year-on-year inflation varied widely. North Sumatra recorded the highest provincial inflation at 5.32 percent, while Papua reported the lowest at 0.99 percent. At the city and regency level, Deli Serdang saw the largest increase at 6.81 percent, and Ternate the smallest at 0.06 percent. Deflation appeared in North Maluku (-0.17 percent) and Central Halmahera (-1.21 percent).